Language Is The Prime Means Of Communication Essay

Language can be seen, through modes such as body language, hand signals, photographs and pictures. Language can be heard, through conversations, storytelling and music. Language can be standard and diverse, each dialect has a â€Å"standard† form, which other, diverse, dialects branch off. The word language may mean different things to different people. There is no incorrect interpretation of the word language. Many people will have different interpretations of the word language based on their personal background. To most, language is a way of speaking. However, not all language is spoken or heard. Language is more than just words in a sentence. Fellowes and Oakley (2014, p. 18) explain that language can be supported by or replaced with gestures, facial expressions and eye contact. Language is the way in which humans interact with each other. Fellowes and Oakley (2014, p. 17) state that language is the prime means of communication between people. Woolfolk and Margetts (2013, p .97) define language as a â€Å"shared symbolic system for human communication†. Language comes in many forms, including music, mathematics, hand signals, pictures, or the use of the body. Gee and Hayes (2011, p. 6) define language as something that is cognitive, material, social and individual. These different definitions and interpretations of the word and meaning of language only prove that language is not standard. This essay intends to gain a deeper understanding of the role of language in children s lives,Show MoreRelatedEymp 2 - Promoting Learning and Development in the Early Years995 Words   |  4 Pagesgroups, prime and specific areas of learning. Personal and emotional development, physical development and communication and language. The prime areas are important as they lay the foundations for a child’s success in the specific areas of learning. He specific areas are learning are Literacy, Mathematics, understanding the world and expressive arts and design , which provide a range of opportunities for children to broaden their knowledge and skills. Personal and emotional development means a childRead More1.1 An explanation of each of the areas of learning and development and how these are interdependent1364 Words   |  6 Pagesthese are the Prime and Specific. Each area is built up of different aspects, which altogether make up the 17 Early Learning Goals. The EYFS also has characteristics that help practitioners understand how the children are learning and what they need to provide to help children progress further. Characteristics help children become motivated and keep trying at the things they are not so good at. The Prime area is split into three different sections. 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Can we describe how visual literacy reflects as universal language in our lifestyle? What does the impact of visual literacy have on the communication and global understanding of it as well? Visual literacy can portray itself through so many channels and yet originate at about the same visible definition depending on the way you are describing them. ThereforeRead MoreThe Human Language And Modern Language1179 Words   |  5 Pagesbarrier that limit many animals. But, the honey bee’s form of communication does not allow them to â€Å"speak† of the past or think abstractly, so it is a rather limited useage of displacement. There has not been any animal that can use displacement to the degree in which is used in human language. Traditional transmission: The human language has a very complex structure, one that comprises of systems such as grammar, syntax, and phonemes. Language acquisition in its simplest terms is the process by whichRead MoreLanguage, Language And Language1188 Words   |  5 PagesLanguage, comprising as it does of groups and blends of words, is the prime method for correspondence between individuals. Obviously, language is by all account not the only method for correspondence, yet it is the centrepiece of correspondence in human culture. Language is understood by people in terms of their own social and cultural backgrounds. From when we are born, we learn and follow in speaking socially by imitating others around us (Gee Hayes, 2011). In other words, we learn from othersRead MoreEssay On Bilingualism992 Words   |  4 Pageshave different meanings for language, making it a controversial topic. The essays of Martà ­n Espada, a former lawyer and current professor, and those of the author Richard Rodriguez are p rime examples of the varied interpretations of language. Espada believes that language is a part of a person’s culture, while Rodriguez argues that a person must integrate his or herself into their countrys society. I believe that language at its source should only be used for communication; therefore, it must be treated

Earthquake resistance design Free Essays

Columns can sustain two types of Damage, namely axial- flexural (or combined compression bending) Failure and shear failure. Shear damage is brittle and must be avoided in columns as by providing transverse ties at close spacing which carry the horizontal shear forces and hold concrete and vertical bars together. Horizontal Bands and its Role: Horizontal bands are the most important Earthquake-resistant feature in masonry buildings, since it holds a masonry building as a Single unit by tying all the walls together. We will write a custom essay sample on Earthquake resistance design or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are four types of bands in a typical Masonry building, namely gable band, roof band, lintel band and plinth band. Lintel band is the most Important of all, since it ties the walls together and also breaks the monotonous continuity of wall. The gable band is employed only in Buildings with pitched or sloped roofs. In buildings with flat R. C or reinforced brick roofs, the Roof band is not required. In buildings with pitched r sloped roof, the Roof band is very important. Plinth bands are primarily used where uneven settlement of foundation in soil undergoes bending and pulling actions. It will be better to use ARC bands Shear Wall: Reinforced concrete buildings often have vertical plate-like ARC walls called Shear Walls. These walls generally start at foundation level and are contain souse throughout the building height. Their thickness varies from mm to mm. Shear walls are usually provided along both length and width of buildings. Shear Core Shear walls are like vertically-oriented wide beams that carry earthquake odds downwards to the foundation. Just like reinforced concrete (ARC) beams and columns, ARC 6 shear walls also perform much better if designed to be ductile.. Shear walls, if provide around the elevator core or stair well is known as shear core. Boundary Elements: Under the large overturning effects caused by horizontal earthquake forces, edges of shear walls experience high compressive and tensile stresses. To ensure that shear walls behave in a ductile way, concrete in the wall end regions must be reinforced in a special manner to sustain these load reversals without loosing strength. End regions of a wall with increased infotainment are called boundary elements which have high bending strength. Boundary Elements (Design, Location) Short and Long Columns: During past earthquakes, reinforced concrete (ARC) frame buildings that have columns of different heights within one storey, suffered more damage in the shorter columns as compared to taller columns in the same storey. Short Column Behavior: Poor behavior of short columns is due to the fact that in an earthquake, a tall column and a short column of same cross-section move horizontally by same amount. However, the short column is stiffer as compared to the tall column, ND it attracts larger earthquake force. Therefore it cause X-shaped cracks. Short Column (Failure, Location with Mezzanine floor) Stiffness of a column means resistance to deformation -? the larger is the stiffness, larger is the force required to deform it. This behavior is called Short Column Effect. Design Phenomenon: 7 If it is not possible to avoid short columns, this effect must be addressed in structural design. As per Indian Standard the reinforcement must extend beyond the short column into the columns vertically above. In case of stone or brick masonry the width has to be increased accordingly for short column. BEAM COLUMN JOINT: The points where the beams and columns intersect is a beam column joint. Since they too made of same material we can’t expect to have more strength. So have to take care on these unavoidable joints. During earthquake the upper bars and lower bars act in a different direction causing elongation or damage of joint. Design Strategy: In design practice large column size, having large closed loops are placed inside. These should follow some design specification. Normally we will go for the anchoring of the bars at the ends. Micro concreting can be gone in the congested junction. Beam Column Joint (Location, Failure without proper anchorage) Hidden Beams: These are also called as concealed beams which have their depth equal to that of the slab. These can be provided either on longer or on the shorter span. When provided along longer span it is found that the load carrying capacity increase to 135% with an economical increase of just 0. 4 -? 0. 5%. These beams are designed for negative bending moment which is caused due to load reversal expected during earthquake. 8 Hidden Beam Plastic Hinge: As moment increases, the linear stress distribution form persists and the extreme fiber stress reaches the yield stress value. Further increase in the bending moment cannot produce any increased fiber-stress but causes yield to spread into the inner fibers. As the bending moment Increases more and more fibers reach the yield stress until the final state, the whole of the section will yield. The complete yielding across the section of a beam is termed as plastic hinge. The section now carries the maximum bending moment without strain hardening taking place. The beam can carry no further load. Any further load will only result in increased deflection. The beam will behave as if t is hinged at the plastic section and a condition of collapse has been reached. Reduced Beam Section: This is a section of beam which is provided along the length of steel beams. These will have their area of cross section lesser than the proceeding section to an extent that it will just act as a plastic hinge. In case of steel section also a circular arc will be cut in the required flange portion of span. Reduced Beam Section Pre tensioning Technique: In case Of domes and shell Structures, the lateral thrust experienced will be more. This fault is answered well by pre tensioned concrete. In case of huge trustees like nuclear 9 rectors, large spanning domes we will be having a thin walled cylindrical tube of diameter about 10 to 15 CM and steel rods will be packed tightly. Pre tension elements (After Before Concreting) Then stressing will be done as per design and then the micro concrete is injected in pressure into the tube. This setup is then done with normal concreting. It will resist the lateral thrust in an effective manner. Techniques to Adopt on Sky Scrappers: While speaking about large multistoried buildings we can’t simply go in for normal strengthening of beams, columns, and other structural elements. There we had an alternative to speak about some elements such as Bearing, Bracing, Friction pendulum and Dampers which are primarily meant to take Vibration produced by lateral force. Rubber Bearings: Rubber bearings are made from layers Of rubber with thin steel plates between them, and a thick steel plate on the top and bottom. The bearings are placed between the bottom of a building and its foundation . The bearings are designed to be very stiff and strong for vertical load to carry the weight of the building and designed to be much weaker for horizontal loads, so that they can move sideways due to lateral thrust. Rubber Bearing Viscous Dampers Viscous Dampers: Viscous fluid dampers are meant as shock absorbers. They consist of a closed cylinder containing a viscous fluid and a piston having small holes in its head. As the 10 piston move in and out of the cylinder oil is forced in and out causing friction. The damper is usually installed as part of a building’s bracing system using single diagonals. As the building sways to and fro, the piston is forced In and out of the cylinder. Friction Dampers: Friction dampers are designed to have moving parts that will slide over each other. The damper is made up from a set Of steel plates, with slotted holes in hem, and they are bolted together. At high enough forces, the plates can slide over each other creating friction causing energy dissipation. The plates are specially treated to increase the friction between them. Friction Dampers Cross Bearings (In foundation) Cross Bracing: These are very common in case of vertical load distribution. But we can also adopt this technique to foundation, in which the entire building will be laid in a cross horizontal bracing rather than placing it directly on foundation. It will distribute the load to joints and through foundation finally. Friction bearing (Location, Appearance) 11 Friction Pendulum: Considering about the large multistory buildings, we can always expect some appreciable movement in it base due to the vibration. Instead to resist against it completely we can allow the structure to deform at its foundation level by provision of friction pendulum without damaging the structural integrity. How to cite Earthquake resistance design, Papers

PC Solutions IT Professional Frank Wallace

Question: Write an essay on PC Solutions. Answer: Introduction This report is prepared on the company PC Solutions which provide people with the desktop computers. It was started by an IT Professional Frank Wallace who was the only founder of the company and started as a one-man brand. Initially it started with selling the desktop to the people who used them in their houses. But now the company grew up gradually and has around 75 employees who work under it (Roberts, 1996). This report is will provide an overview of the company and will explain about the problems faced by the company and how they can be overcome. It will explain about the strengths and the weaknesses of the organisational culture. It will recommend a plan for Frank for the areas in which something has to be changed with the ways of implementing the changes as well. And at last it will provide that which leadership role Frank should adopt for the best working within the organization. Problems faced by the Company PC Solutions doesnt work on a very large scale but yes looking to its growth from starting as a one-man brand now has 75 employees. As the organization doesnt have many members so it can be managed easily but still the companies face many problems. The organization is divided into four functional areas- Sales, Administration, Customer Services and Software Development. The company faces some or the other problem in every department. The main problems are the ones that have to deal with the customers (Huang, 2003). The customer satisfaction is must for every organization. The main problems faced by the IT companies are keeping the technology updated, marketing relations, customer service, focusing on the customer feedback. The main problem the company is facing is the management of all the functional departments. The management between the departments is very important. The main problem that should be considered by Frank is the management of activities and the coordination of the work between the departments. For example, if a person calls in the customer service department and complain about the software problem in the PCs then after solving his problem the message should be passed on to the Software Development Department for they should consider this problem and should try that it should not be repeated in the other PCs (Britton, 2013). This can only be done by looking as to why this problem occurred so as to consider them and find a permanent solution for it. The next problem that occurs a lot in almost all the IT companies including PC solutions as well is balancing between the Feedback and Focus. Sometimes the feedback that the customer gives after he uses a particular product is useful for the organisational development as he addresses the new features which he requires in that product. For example, a customer after using the Desktop computer says that it should be sleeker and should be more attractive in its look. So after listening to this particular feedback of the customer the company should focus on the designing of the desktop (Anderson, 1996). The feedback of the customers should be considered and focused as well but the company should never move out of its directions for the change. In other words, if the change needed by the customer will change the product value or its direction then it should not be considered as the feedback of the customer are according to their need and not according the vision of the company. The origina l focus of the company should not be lost. In other words, the originality of the product should be maintained. The customer satisfaction should be the priority of every company. As when the customer will be satisfied only then the company can grow. When the problems of the customers will be solved then they will have positivity towards the organisation which will in all attract more customers towards the organisation. The strengths and weaknesses of Organisations culture Organisations culture represents the organisations beliefs and the principles which have to be followed by the employees and the management. It includes the organisations vision and mission which each and every employee considers for the achievement of the specified goals. It is the pattern in the organisation by which every member solves the problems and deal with the situations in a particular manner. Every situation has an appropriate behaviour which can be used to overcome that problem (Riehle, 2010). Every new member is trained with the culture in the organisation so that he also knows the pattern of dealing with different situation in the organisation. The culture in every organisation is either strong or weak. The strong culture is the one in which all the employees of the organisation follows the appropriate pattern and doesnt slip in applying it. This is called a strong culture as all the problems in the organisation are easily solved by the employees by following their trained pattern (Cusumano, 1998). While on the other hand weak culture is the one in which the values and pattern of the organisation is not followed. The employees are not fully aligned towards that particular organisation behaviour. The culture in every organisation has its own strengths and weaknesses. First taking the strengths into consideration we can say that the strength of the company depends on the thickness of culture which means the amount of values and beliefs it consists (Stroube, 2002). The more values will have more pattern of appropriate behaviour which can provide the employees solutions for almost all the situations. Therefore, the thicker the culture of the organisation the smoother will be its working only if the employees clearly understand the organisational behaviour. In other words, we can say that the thick culture will contain more assumptions and values in comparison to the thin culture. Comparing this strength with our company PC Solutions we can say that the company is thick in its culture as every department is allotted with their own pattern of work and with their appropriate behaviour. The second measure of strength is the extent to which the employees share their experience in dealing with the problems in the organisation. The more the people will share their experience of dealing with the problems there will be an increase in the strength of the company as all the employees will be more sure about the actions that they have to take in dealing with the same situations. Comparing this strength with the company we can say that the employees of the company do not share much of their experience with each other. The company gets much benefit with the sharing process between the workers. The last measure of strength is the clarity in the organisation or we can say the more the transparent the working in the organisation the more it will lead to a better organisation (Martin, 2005). This is the strength of the PC Solutions. The working of the organisation is totally clear or transparent. The person in one department is fully aware of what is going on in the other departm ent. The weaknesses in the organisation affect the working of the organisation. The complexity of the work in the organisation is the weakness of any organisation. If the working in the organisation is complex than it will be difficult for the organisation to train their staff and give them the clear knowledge about the organisation (Swartzlander, 2013). Comparing to PC Solutions the working in the organisation is very clear. In other words, it is not complex. So this is not the weakness of the organisation. Sometimes people dont understand the core values in the organisation which can lead the company into failing direction. The company PC Solutions wants its employee to follow the core values specified. For example, PC Solutions takes more attention towards the customer services or customer satisfaction (Heckl, 2007). So if the new employees or even the old one do not understand this core value of the organisation it is of no use. Frank the leader of the company has to be stricter for that as sometimes some employees are careless for this matter. Sources of resistance to change Resistance to change is the unwanted changes in the organisation from the employees point of view or we can say that when the mere changes in the organisation is not acceptable by its employees. There are reasons why the workers resist changing. The main reasons for resistance to change are insecurity of the employees, poor communication in the organisation, feeling of exclusion if they will not understand it, any benefits or rewards (Lee, 2006). Whenever there is an application of change in an IT company then it is difficult for the employees to unite for the change. As they always want to stay away from the changes because mainly the changes are the updating the technology. So the daily changes in the organisation affect them a lot as they think that they again have to make a deep study to understand it. Sometimes the change doesnt get successful because of the poor communication in the organisation (Wong, 2006). The higher authorities dont communicate in a particular pattern which can be accepted easily by the people of the organisation. Same is with the company PC Solutions the people are not ready for the technology updates as there is a daily change in the technology which gets difficult for them to understand and apply it daily. Sometimes the people in the organisation are in the misconception saying that the change will decrease their value in the organisation. The people are more concerned about their own personal growth rather than the growth of the organisation as a whole. They are unable to understand the fact their growth is directly related to the growth of the organisation (Guide Jr, 2005). As there organisation will grow and be updated with the technology the people in the organisation will automatically grow. As far as planning is considered for PC Solutions the main problem comes in the acceptance of the new technology so the people allotted for bringing or communicating the change in the organisation should be trained very clearly and there should not be any problem relating to the poor communication in the organisation (Himeno, 2001). In other words, Frank should make clear to the changing authority that the people of the organisation should not complaint about the lack of communication from the higher authorities otherwise the people responsible for bringing the change should be penalized. Second problem is the misconception that the change in the organisation will bring a decrease in the position of the employees. This misconception can only be removed by keeping the rewards or benefits for the employees (Widmier, 2002). This will get sure positive results towards the changes in the organisation as the time they will see that the acceptance of change will get them a reward they will accept it as fast as they can for gaining the reward. Leadership by Frank Leadership is the best only when you can get some positive response from your followers. The more positive results mean the role played by the leader is correct. But it is not only related to the response by the followers it should first be compared to the outcomes or the results obtained in the organisation by the methods or strategies applied by the leaders (Wang, 2004). So here Frank can play a vital role in the working of the organisation by playing as a successful leader. Being a successful leader involves some steps that can be followed by Frank. The first step is the clear understanding and interpretation of the business environment. In other words, we can say that it involves the interpretation of the surroundings of the business with the internal environment (Mason, 2006). It is mainly getting the full knowledge about the working of the organisation and then analysing what is right and what is wrong for the organisation. The second step involves developing the strategies for the organisation according to the analysis done. This is a very important part of developing the strategies. The strategies so made should be according to the analysis done in the above step. The success of leadership depends upon this step. The right strategies developed will lead to the better working and growth of the organisation. The third step is the execution of the strategies in the same manner and in the same sense as developed. The correct execution of the strategy is very important otherwise the main use of the strategy will be dissolved. The execution is mainly the understanding of the people in the same sense as proposed by the leader (Breitzman, 2001). The main part is the method of communication which should be chosen very correctly which can lead the execution to either a direct success or failure. The last step involves measure the efforts of the leader on the organisation. That is the measurement of the impact that the strategies have upon the organisation. Whether the changes implemented to the organisation are giving a positive response or not (Wong, 2001). This is the clear leadership role that can be adopted by Frank for his company. The main point is to study the company clearly keeping in mind all the negatives and positives in the organisation. Conclusion PC Solutions is a very successful company as it has been showing growth in its working year after year. This report provides us with the overview of the organisation and mainly the changes that can be implemented for the upbringing of the organisation. The report presents a plan that can be implemented by Frank and the leadership role that can be followed by him for the better working in the organisation (Armistead, 2002). There are problems that will come in his way but the solutions to the problems are provided as well. He is leading the company from past many years so it will not be a difficult task to implement these changes. References Roberts, E.B. and Senturia, T.A., 1996. Globalizing the emerging high-technology company.Industrial Marketing Management,25(6), pp.491-506. Huang, C.W. and Chi-Pang, L., 2003. Using postponed manufacturing to reconfigure the supply chain in the desktop personal company industry: The case of Taiwan.International Journal of Management,20(2), p.241. Anderson, R.E., 1996. Personal selling and sales management in the new millennium.Journal of Personal Selling Sales Management,16(4), pp.17-32. Riehle, D., 2010. The economic case for open source foundations.Computer,43(1), pp.0086-90. Stroube, B., 2002. 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